Update: I have now reinstalled Fedora 10 on my Acer Aspire One, only this time I downloaded a spinoff, Fedora 10 XFCE Live CD, to see how it performed. And not a huge surprise, but it worked remarkably well, far better than Fedora 10 with GNOME. Not to mention that the battery time went from 1 hour and 50 minutes to 2 hours and 50 minutes. I’ve also modified this tutorial a bit, and I have followed these steps myself, so I know it works. But give me a shout anyway should you find that something is lacking.
Righty then. This is going to be one of those posts that probably is going to be a bit longer than usual (if you don’t include the Acer Aspire One-post).
I had settled down with Linpus on my Acer Aspire One, but it nagged me like mad that I had to just settle for it. I mean, Linpus is fine, but I want to have a system that’s up to date, I want to be able to remove packages as I see fit, without worrying that the hal-daemon breaks shakes his fist at Linpus. In any case, surfing the web yesterday, I came upon the post . So in fear of that post being lost at some point, I’m going to write something similar here, with my own hacks and modifications that I made. Here’s how I went about installing Fedora 10 on my Acer Aspire One.
For starters, by installing Fedora 10 XFCE Live CD, mostly everything works out of the box. That means webcam, SD-cards, wireless, you name it. How brilliant is that! But I’m getting a bit ahead of myself here. What we need to do first is to install the Live CD to a USB-pen/drive. To do that download the torrent from here. With me having a stationary machine using Fedora 9, I’ll assume that you do as well. :D su to root and install the package livecd-tools:
# yum install livecd-tools
Once the package is installed, and the iso has been downloaded, plug in your USB-pen/drive. I will also assume that your USB-pen/drive has been given the name sdb1. You can check it with the command dmesg, just look at the bottom of output if it has detected it. It should look something like this:
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Mode Sense: 00 00 00 00
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through
sdb: sdb1
sd 10:0:0:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk
Now, with the USB-thingie plugged in, and your iso downloaded, execute the following command:
# livecd-iso-to-disk /home/jorge/downloads/Fedora-10-i686-Live-XFCE/F10-i686-Live-XFCE.iso /dev/sdb1
F10-i686-Live-XFCE.iso being the Live CD iso we just downloaded. This command will copy the Live CD iso to your USB-pen, making that your bootable device.
Now that the USB-pen is ready to go, reboot your Acer Aspire One, and at boot press F12 to be able to select what boot device to boot from. Your device should pop up in that list. Log in as usual, and double-click the icon that says Install to Hard Drive. Follow the process as normal, however, when it gets time to partition the disk, everything (and I mean everything) that is ext3, change it to ext2! Why? Because having a journaling system on a netbook that uses an SSD-disk is bad. You will experience that your system is pretty much crawling at the pace of a turtle. Anyway, when getting to the partition-section, remember to click on the box named Review and Modify Partitioning Layout, and press Next. In this next window, we want to remove the swap-partition. So click on the line that says Swap under Type, and click Delete. Now that the Swap-partition is gone, we still see that both / and /boot/ are ext3. Click on each line, select Edit, and select the volume corresponding to it, then Edit again. There you can change from ext3 to ext2. When done, click Okay. When pressing Next now, you’ll get a warning about not having a Swap partition. Ignore it and move on with the installation as usual.
Once your installation is all done, you need to reboot for changes to take effect. Answer some questions, create a user, and you’re done! ..for now. Still have a lot of things to do. The first thing that comes to mind is to make your root-filesystem to be ext2. But didn’t we specify that when we partitioned? We sure did. Why the root partition STILL is ext3 is beyond me, but we need to fix that. The user Turnip mentioned that he didn’t really feel like having LVM, so he just deleted the big partition that held it, and recreated an unvarnished ext2 partition in it’s place. When he rebooted to change what he believed was ext3, it was in fact still ext2. I have to test this myself to be certain (I sure wish I had an Acer Aspire One for testing purposes).
Before we fix the whole LVM/ext3-problem though, we need to disable SELinux. SELinux is such a pain in the butt it’s unbelieveable. Press Alt-F2, type terminal, su to root, and edit the file /etc/selinux/config and set the variable SELINUX to disabled. Save and close the file.
I sure hope you have your USB-pen/drive in hand, because we’re going to need it. Reboot your machine, with your USB-thingie plugged in, and again press F12 at boot, selecting your USB-device as the boot device. When done booting to the Live CD, press Alt-F2 and type terminal, and su to root.
What we need to do next is to convert the root-partition of our system to ext2 (as it is currently ext3). The root filesystem is on an LVM-partition, so the way to change it isn’t exactly your usual way of doing it. Run the command vgscan, and it’ll look something like this:
# vgscan
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2
You can now find your root partition in /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00. To convert this to ext2, run the following command:
# tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
# e2fsck /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
When this is done, your system should be ext2. To test this, you can do the following things:
# mkdir /mnt/disk
# mount -t ext3 /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /mnt/disk
This last command should fail, as we’re not mounting an ext3 partition. Try it with ext2, it should now work.
Next step is to update an important file, and making a new initrd.
Now that our filesystem is updated, we need to change the entries in /mnt/disk/etc/fstab to read and specify the root partition as ext2, and not ext3. So open up the file /mnt/disk/etc/fstab, and replace ext3 with ext2. When done, save and close the file. Remember that you need to do these changes as root!
We need to do some changes to the boot partition as well, so mount it up, and other things as well (thanks skug67!):
# mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/disk/boot/
# mount -o bind /sys /mnt/disk/sys
# mount -o bind /proc /mnt/disk/proc
What we will do now is to change our root-enviroment so that we’re working directly inside the mounted partitions. You can do that by running this command:
# chroot /mnt/disk/ /bin/bash
We’re now in the new enviroment. It’s time to create the new initrd. Now, the image-versions shown below does not necessarily have to be what you have. The iso you downloaded from the Fedora torrent might be newer than what I’m writing here, so just do an ls /boot/ to see what your image-file looks like. We proceed:
# mv initrd-2.6.27.5-117.fc10.i686.img initrd-2.6.27.5-117.fc10.i686.img.ext3
# mkinitrd initrd-`uname -r`.img `uname -r`
When this is done, you’ve created a new initrd. Follow up with exiting the enviroment, unmounting the partitions and rebooting:
# exit
# cd /root/
# umount /mnt/disk/boot/
# umount /mnt/disk/sys/
# umount /mnt/disk/proc/
# umount /mnt/disk/
# reboot
With SELinux gone, ext3 converted to ext2, and a new initrd created, you should be able to boot into your Fedora 10 on the Acer Aspire One. :)
And now, optimizing the system.
I assume that by now you are actually using the Fedora 10 installation. Here’s how to improve the system performance a bit.
Quoting the Ubuntu wikipages:
Frequent writes to the SSD will cause failure eventually. We can reduce the number of writes to the SSD by moving our logs to a temporary filesystem in RAM that gets destroyed at ever reboot. Now this means your logs will not be persistent across reboots making debugging difficult in some cases. This step is optional of course, so if you need the logs for an extended period of time do not follow these steps.
Let’s assume that you want to do this. su to root, and open up the file /etc/fstab, and place these following lines there:
tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults 0 0
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
Also, modify the first line in /etc/fstab to include the options noatime and nodiratime. When done, your /etc/fstab should look something like this:
/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext2 defaults,noatime,nodiratime 1 1
UUID=43882dc4-109b-40c9-b3eb-6e2c7ebd2758 /boot ext2 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults 0 0
tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults 0 0
Save the file, and close it. The next thing we can do is to place the following into your /etc/rc.d/rc.local-file:
# Economize the SSD
sysctl -w vm.swappiness=1 # Strongly discourage swapping
sysctl -w vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50 # Don't shrink the inode cache aggressively
# As in the rc.last.ctrl of Linpus
echo ondemand > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
echo ondemand > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_governor
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/sampling_rate_max > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/sampling_rate
echo 1500 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
echo 20 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
echo 10 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/sched_smt_power_savings
echo 10 > /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save
echo 5 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
#Decrease power usage of USB while idle
[ -w /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-5/power/level ] && echo auto > /sys/bus/usb/devices/1-5/power/level
[ -w /sys/bus/usb/devices/5-5/power/level ] && echo auto > /sys/bus/usb/devices/5-5/power/level
/sbin/setpci -d 197b:2381 AE=47
/sbin/modprobe pciehp
/sbin/modprobe sdhci
Create a file named blacklist_msreader in /etc/modprobe.d, with the following in it:
Open up the file /boot/grub/grub.conf and add elevator=noop to the kernel-line, making this:
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.27.5-117.fc10.i686 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet
Look like this:
kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.27.5-117.fc10.i686 ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 rhgb quiet elevator=noop
Proceed with rebooting your machine, and everything should be working fine. :)
There are several things you can do to extend the battery life on your Acer Aspire One.
- Turn the screen brightness down – your screen is the most power-intensive component in your laptop, and why turn the brightness all the way up if you already can see well enough?
- When not in use, turn of the wireless and bluetooth functions.
- If you have enough memory on your laptop, disable swapping. I would suggest putting in more memory, as swapping writes to virtual memory.
- Journaling-filesystem on a SSD-disk = baaad. More writing to disk means more power used. Switch to ext2 instead.
- Disable all services that just aren’t used. A lot of distributions come with say httpd enabled at start up. If you don’t need it, get rid of it.
- When you’re in no need of sound – mute it!
Jason Farrel has these following tips to apply as well:
- Not exactly a performance tweak, but add vga=0×315 to the end of the kernel-line in grub.conf in order to see the fancy new plymouth solar bootup screen. Kernel mode setting isn’t yet supported for the intel gma display, so this vesa mode set workaround is needed.
- Use powertop to eliminate more power hogs.
- If using mplayer to play video, and you see nasty horizontal tearing, it’s because the fast overlay isn’t being used by default. Edit ~/.mplayer/config and gui.conf to use vo=xv:port=XX where XX is the port returned from the xvinfo util for the overlay adaptor – this should be 79.
-
To cut the bootup time almost in half (down to 25 seconds here), disable uneeded services. Here’s a one-liner to disable them (run it as root): for s in atd auditd avahi-daemon bluetooth cups gpm ip6tables kerneloops mdmonitor nfslock portreserve rpcbind rpcgssd rpcidmapd sendmail setroubleshoot livesys livesys-late microcode_ctl; do echo “chkconfig $s off”; chkconfig $s off; done
-
This one makes a big difference: don’t forget to disable firefox’s disk cache or you’ll grind to death.
Thanks for the tips Jason. :)
I installed FC10 like you described. It works fine. I was a bit surprised the AAO appeared rather slow compared to my EEE 1000H. So I ran cat /proc/cpuinfo. It appeared the CPU ran at 800 Mhz. I first looked at the BIOS, but the CPU ran at 1600 Mhz over there. Then I looked at services and found cpuspeed running. This is for scaling the CPU speed. After disabling this service the cat /proc/cpuinfo reported 1600 Mhz CPU speed and the system runs much smoother (and most probably consumes more power!).
And he is completely right. Jaap, thanks a million!
When checking the initial volume-settings, you’ll notice that you can hear a little bit of sound, but not much, even if you’ve cranked up the volume to the max. Thing is, we need to specify a little something, just a line really, to make it work properly. Create a file named /etc/modprobe.d/sound with the following in it:
options snd-hda-intel model=acer-aspire
If you were previously using options snd-hda-intel model=acer, change it to options snd-hda-intel model=acer-aspire. This should sort out your problem when plugging in a headphone, and the sound would still get out by the normal speaker at the same time. Thanks to Bruno Malone for the tip. :)
Reboot, and your sound should be working perfectly fine, even after you’ve resumed from suspend. :)
You’ll probably come to notice that Fn-Left/Right works perfectly fine for adjusting the screen brightness. Unfortunately, Fn-Up/Down doesn’t work for controlling the volume. But that is easily fixed. :) A program that’s needed, named aumix, isn’t installed. So as root, install it this way:
That should make things peachy again. ;)
In order for you to have a functional Wifi LED working, you need to have madwifi installed. Upon installing madwifi, it will automatically blacklist the atheros-driver for your wireless card. Don’t get me wrong, your wireless will still work (and rumor has it that madwifi is faster). Another reason that you might want to use madwifi instead of the one included in the kernel is that there seems to be a weird bug where the wireless flakes to the point where it won’t work until you do a full power down (pulling battery and discharging the caps). To be able to install madwifi you need to have the rpmfusion-repository enabled. You can enable it by doing so:
# rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm
Once that is done, you can continue by installing madwifi like this:
Once it is installed, add the following to the bottom of the file /etc/sysctl.conf:
dev.wifi0.ledpin = 3
dev.wifi0.softled = 1
Now reboot your machine, and your Wifi LED on the front will now do the association blink, as well as blink based on wireless traffic.
When closing the lid on your Acer Aspire One, you expect it to suspend, right? This behaviour does not come as default with the XFCE desktop. You can make it work by doing the following.
First you have to have acpid installed. Execute:
to install it. Once it is installed, create a file named lid.conf in /etc/acpi/events/ and place the following in it:
event=button/lid.*
action=/usr/sbin/pm-suspend
This will now suspend your machine when closing the lid.
If your wireless networking isn’t working after resuming from suspend, and you are using the madwifi driver instead of the native kernel provided driver, you can prevent that problem by placing the following content in a file named /usr/lib/pm-utils/sleep.d/06acerwifi:
#!/bin/sh
. "${PM_FUNCTIONS}"
unload_madwifi()
{
/usr/bin/madwifi-unload > /dev/null
}
load_madwifi()
{
/sbin/modprobe ath_pci > /dev/null
}
case "$1" in
hibernate|suspend)
unload_madwifi
;;
thaw|resume)
load_madwifi
;;
*) exit $NA
;;
esac
When done, change the permissions:
Reboot, and it should suspend when closing the lid. :) The only problem with this is that NetworkManager won’t automatically connect to your previous wireless network, so you’ll have to click and select it. I’ll see what I can find out about it. :)
Thanks to derge from the Fedoraforums for the tip about the resume-sound from suspend issue.
That’s pretty much what I have, so far. But I can’t end this post without an image. :) This is how my Fedora 10 XFCE desktop looks on the Acer Aspire One.
Good luck!
